In a TEDx Talk in 2015, Matt Abrahams got up in front of a crowd and said:((Matt Abrahams | TEDxMontaVistaHighSchool:
Think Fast. Talk Smart))
"People hate me. People fear me... I have a tool and that tool is what makes people fear me and despise me. As a professor, I have an ability that's called cold calling. That's where I look at a student and ask 'what do you think?' 'what do you feel about what we just discussed?' 'how does this impact you?'"
In that paragraph alone, there is a lot to unpack, but what's important to note for now is this ability of his: Cold calling. Why do people fear it so much? Likely because it's estimated that 75% of people have a fear of public speaking.((Credit Donkey:
Fear of Public Speaking Statistics and How to Overcome Glossophobia)) But digging further, it might also be due to people being unable to think fast in those situations. Looking further than that, there are likely all kinds of other social situations where you wish you could think fast. From coming up with witty remarks to finishing a task faster, thinking fast has various perks and requires training to achieve it.
The Importance of Thinking Fast
Before we learn how it's important, we need to learn why it's important. If there is no reason to practice, then we will ultimately stop after a while. Being able to think fast provides a wide variety of benefits. Outside of the few social situations I mentioned above, some other ones include:
The list is extensive but the idea is: the stronger your brain is, the more you can leverage it in many aspects of life.
How Do You Think Faster?
The next question is how does one increase speed? That answer is through a variety of ways that I've listed below.
1. Make Faster Minor Decisions
We are faced with many decisions over the course of the day but, some of them aren't as important as others. Eating is important, but the decision between a salad, chicken, or beef is inconsequential. Being able to quickly decide what to eat can help you with thinking faster. After all, even if your decision wasn't the best, the consequences are small. This training works since this is literally the act of thinking fast. But one thing I'll stress is the keyword with this advice -- minor decisions. Do not use this tactic in more pressing life-altering decisions which will have larger consequences.
2. Practice Speed
There are things that we do all the time and we've gotten really good at -- playing music, learning songs, writing, or doing specific stretches. Whatever the case, I encourage you to add another layer of challenge to those skills by speeding up. Similar to the tactic above, this also demands you think fast to perform a task. What will help you in practicing speed would be a timer. Time yourself on completing puzzles or running a lap. You can give yourself an allotted time to complete a task. That second strategy is surprisingly effective as most people will instinctively prioritize the most important aspects of that task. It's called
Parkinsons Law.
3. Stop Trying To Multitask
As much as we like to think we can do tasks at once, we really can't. Our brain - as powerful as it is - is unable to focus on two tasks at once. But why can people rub their tummy and pat their head? Well, that's because our brain rapidly toggles between tasks. In those situations, people's brains are jumping between those tasks faster. Outside of those situations though, the research found that multitasking reduces attention span, our ability to learn and our mental performance.((American Psychological Association:
Multitasking: Switching costs)) Therefore, it’s smarter for us to prioritize a single task and give it our undivided attention until completion.
4. Get Sufficient Sleep
Adequate sleep is necessary not only for body function but for brain function as well. One study found that not sleeping well will impact our thinking speed and accuracy.((Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat.:
Sleep deprivation: Impact on cognitive performance)) By that logic, it makes sense that sleep will help in keeping our brain healthier and functional.
5. Meditate
Regular meditation is another way for us to stimulate our brain. There have been
all kinds of studies showing how meditation helps with the creation of new brain cells and neural connections. That’s because meditation strengthens the communication between cells in the first place.((Medical Xpress:
Evidence builds that meditation strengthens the brain, researchers say))
6. Do Aerobic Exercises
All exercise is great for us and our brain to some degree. That being said, aerobic exercises specifically have shown to improve the processing speed of our brain.((abc News:
Study: Exercise Can Make You Smarter)) Aerobic exercises are exercises like jogging, walking, biking, and swimming. All of these strategies can help you with thinking fast. However, there's one other strategy worth looking over. It's the research that was conducted by Daniel Kahneman on thinking slow and fast.
Thinking Slow And Fast
In his book
Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman uncovers various concepts revolving around decision-making and behavioural psychology. It’s well worth a read as the book explains various concepts and makes you think a lot about how we go about decisions. For example, one big takeaway from the book revolves around two systems. These two systems are how we think.
System 1 is about thinking fast, while System 2 is about thinking slow. This forms the premise of the book. But there is a twist to this. While a lot of us believe we are analytical thinkers who think slow, we actually spend most of the time in the System 1 - fast thinking. So we’re technically already able to think fast. But maybe not in the way you’d think. You see, System 1 is all about intuition. It’s what our gut tells us and we use that to make decisions. It’s the very same system we use to judge people and put together the first impressions of people. It’s until we make a conscious effort do we actually move to System 2 and think slow. Kahneman expands on this:
“Systems 1 and 2 are both active whenever we are awake. System 1 runs automatically and System 2 is normally in comfortable low-effort mode, in which only a fraction of its capacity is engaged. System 1 continuously generates suggestions for System 2: impressions, intuitions, intentions, and feelings. If endorsed by System 2, impressions and intuitions turn into beliefs, and impulses turn into voluntary actions. When all goes smoothly, which is most of the time, System 2 adopts the suggestions of System 1 with little or no modification. You generally believe your impressions and act on your desires, and that is fine — usually.
When System 1 runs into difficulty, it calls on System 2 to support more detailed and specific processing that may solve the problem of the moment. System 2 is mobilized when a question arises for which System 1 does not offer an answer… System 2 is activated when an event is detected that violates the model of the world that System 1 maintains.”
Because of this, System 1 is constantly making judgements, intuitions and impressions based on what is being sensed. In most situations, we instinctively gravitate towards that idea presented. This often leads us to jump to conclusions despite us thinking fast. We even create a story to further solidify that conclusion even if it’s unfounded. Kahneman explains:
“The measure of success for System 1 is the coherence of the story it manages to create. The amount and quality of the data on which the story is based are largely irrelevant. When information is scarce, which is a common occurrence, System 1 operates as a machine for jumping to conclusions.”
While training ourselves to think fast is helpful, it's important to be wary of that power. As Kahneman outlined, people can jump to conclusions too quickly and that can cause issues. Learning to think slow and fast stems from an understanding of when it's appropriate to think slow or fast. Indeed, improve your thinking speed, but keep the information presented in mind as we delve into what thinking slow really means.
Understand Type 2 Thinking
Type 2 thinking is another way to say System 2 thinking. And the best way to fully represent this form of thinking is to solve the following problem: 18 x 26 In this example, you can immediately identify that this is a multiplication problem. A math problem you are confident you can solve with the help of a pen and paper or a calculator. All of this information alone represents System 1 thinking. System 2 thinking is the act of you going through the steps to solve the problem. If you were to solve the problem by hand or mentally, you'd retrieve the math skills you were taught in school and implement them in your solution. Overall the mental work was deliberate, orderly, and took effort and some strain. Most likely had a shift in facial expression as you worked to solve the answer -which is 468 - or when you gave up. What this exercise reveals is that both forms of thinking feed off of one another. In order for us to go slow, we must learn to go fast. System 1 presents the overall ideas and goals and views (i.e. this is a math problem and your goal is to solve it). System 2, on the other hand, breaks those down into steps and constructs thoughts in an orderly fashion (i.e. here are the steps to take so solve the math problem). By understanding this relationship, we not only understand our thinking process but we can learn to be okay with it. We can accept that some things will take more time to process. The point of that is to not get frustrated or jump the gun. When to use type 2 thinking is to understand when a situation requires our attention. Examples of this are not only that math problem but also:
- When looking for someone.
- Remembering a particular quote from a book.
- Filling out a tax form or other government documents.
- Even maintaining a faster walking or running speed than what we are used to.
System 2 thinking demands that we process those things and that we think slow in those situations.
Final Thoughts
While there are all kinds of tactics to exercise our brain to think fast, speed isn't always everything. Sometimes situations call for us to carefully consider and gather our thoughts. It's important to find balance in thinking fast and slow. By understanding the connection between both systems, we can better determine when to be thinking fast or slow. No matter what though, there is nothing wrong with either of the thinking processes. After all, each situation we have in our lives demands different forms of thinking from all of us.
More to Enhance Your Brain Power
No comments:
Post a Comment