Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Some people quit smoking a thousand times in their lives! Everyone knows someone with this mindset. But this type of change is superficial. It doesn't last. For real, lasting change to take place, we need to consider the quadrants of change. Real change, the change that is fundamental, consistent, and longitudinal (lasting over time) has to happen in four quadrants of your life. It doesn't have to be quitting smoking; it can be any habit you want to break -- drinking, biting your nails, overeating, playing video games, shopping, and more. Most experts focus on only one area of change, some focus on two areas, but almost none focus on all four quadrants of change. That's why much of change management fails. Whether it is in the personal life of a single individual through actions and habits, or in a corporate environment, regarding the way they conduct their business, current change management strategies are lacking. It all stems from ignoring at least one part of the equation. So, today, we will cover all four quadrants of change and learn the formula for how to change fundamentally and never go back to your "old self." A word of warning: this is simple to do, but it's not easy. Anyone who tells you that change is easy is either trying to sell you something, or they have no idea what they're talking about. Those who want an overnight solution have left the article now, so that leaves you, me, and
the real process of change.
The Four Quadrants of Change
There are four areas, or quadrants, in which you need to make a change in order for it to stick. If you miss or ignore a single one of these, your change won't stick, and you will go back to your previous behavior. The four quadrants are:
- Internal individual - mindset
- External individual - behavior
- Internal collective - culture/support system
- External collective - laws, rules, regulations, teams, systems, states
All four of these quadrants of change may sound like they could carry change all by themselves, but they can't. So, be sure to implement your change in all four quadrants. Otherwise, it will all be in vain.
First Quadrant -- Internal Individual
This quadrant focuses on the internal world of an individual, and it concerns itself with the mindset of a person. Our actions stem from our thoughts (most of the time), and if we change our mindset toward something, we will begin to process of changing the way we act. People who use the law of attraction fall into this category, where they've recognized the strength of thoughts and how they make us change ourselves. Even Lao Tzu had a great saying regarding this:
"Watch your thoughts. They become words. Watch your words. They become deeds. Watch your deeds. They become habits. Watch your habits. They become character. Character is everything." ((goodreads: Lao Tzu: Quotable Quotes))
One of the most impactful ways you can make a change in this quadrant is to implement what James Clear calls identity-based habits. ((James Clear:
Identity-Based Habits: How to Actually Stick to Your Goals This Year)) Instead of prioritizing the outcome of a change (ex.: I want to lose 20 pounds), you prioritize your identity as a person (I want to become/remain a healthy person). Here are a couple of examples for you to see the strength of this kind of resolution: I want to watch many movies = I am a cinema lover I want to clean my apartment = I am a clean person I want to harvest my crops = I am a harvester (farmer) I want to swim = I am a swimmer This quadrant is about changing the identity you attach to a certain action. Once you re-frame your thinking in this way, you will have completed the first of the quadrants of change.
Second Quadrant -- External Individual
This quadrant focuses on the external world of an individual and concerns itself with the behavior of a person. This is where people like Darren Hardy, the author of the Compound Effect reside. Hardy is about doing small, consistent actions that will create change in the long run (the compound effect). You want to lose 30 pounds? Start by eating just 150 calories (approximately two slices of bread) less a day, and in two and a half years, you will have lost 30 pounds. The same rules apply to business, investing, sports, and multiple other areas. Small, consistent actions can create big changes. This works -- I've read 20 extra pages a day for the past two years, and it accumulated into 90 books read in two years. ((Medium:
How I Read 90 Books in the Past 2 Years By Reading 20 Pages a Day -- A Review of Every Single Book)) Here, you have two ways of dealing with change behaviorally: negative environmental design and positive environmental design.
Negative Environmental Design
This is when you eliminate the things from your environment that revert you to the old behavior. If you want to stop eating ice cream, you don't keep it in your freezer. If you want to stop watching TV, you remove the batteries from the remote and put them on the other side of the house (it works!).
Positive Environmental Design
This is when you put the things that you want to do withing reach -- literally! You want to learn how to play guitar? Put your guitar right next to your sofa. You want to head to the gym? Put the gym clothes in a backpack and put it on top of your shoes. You want to read more books? Have a book on your nightstand, your kitchen table, and on the sofa. You can even combine this last trick with my early advice about removing the batteries from your remote control, combining the negative and positive environmental designs for maximum effect.
Two Sides of the Same Coin
If you just change your behavior and leave your intentions (thoughts) intact, your discipline will fail you and the real change won't happen. You will simply revert back to the previous behavior because you haven't changed the fundamental root of why this problem occurs in the first place. That is why you need to create change both in the first quadrant (internal individual -- mindset) and the second quadrant (external individual -- behavior). These quadrants of change are two sides of the same coin. Most change management would stop here, and that's why most change management fails. No matter how much you focus on yourself, there are things that affect our lives that are happening outside of us. That is the focus of the two remaining quadrants.
Third Quadrant -- Internal Collective
This quadrant focuses on the internal world of the collective where the individual resides, and it concerns itself with the culture of that collective. There are two different distinctions here: the Inner Ring and the Outer Ring.
The Inner Ring
These are your friends and your family. The Inner Ring is the place where the social and cultural norms of your friends and family rule. So, if everyone in your family is overweight and every lunch is 1,000 calories per person, then you can say goodbye to your idea of becoming healthy. In this case, the culture of your group, the inner norms that guide the decisions, actions, thoughts, ideas, and patterns of behaviors are all focused on eating as much as possible. ((Harvard Health Publishing:
How Your Friends Make You Fat -- The Social Network of Weight)) You need to have the support of your Inner Ring if you want to achieve change. If you don't have this support, the the best way to proceed is by either changing your entire Inner Ring or distancing yourself from it. Beware -- most Inner Rings won't accept the fact that you want to change and will undermine you on many occasions -- some out of habit, some due to jealousy, and some because supporting you would mean that they have to change, too. You don't have to cut ties with people, but you can consciously decide to spend less time with them.
The Outer Ring
The Outer Ring consists of the culture of your company, community, county, region, and country. For example, it's quite hard to be an open-minded person in North Nigeria, no matter how you, your friends, and your family think. The Outer Ring is the reason why young people move to the places that share their value systems instead of staying in their current city, county, or country. Sometimes, you need to change your Outer Ring as well because its culture is preventing you from changing. I see this every single day in my country, where the culture can be so toxic that it doesn't matter how great of a job you have or how great your life currently looks -- the culture will change you, inch by inch, until you become like it.
Fourth Quadrant -- External Collective
This quadrant focuses on the external world of the collective where the individual resides, and it concerns itself with the systems, teams, laws, and rules of that collective. This quadrant is about the external manifestations of the collective culture. If the majority of the environment thinks in a certain way, they will create institutions that will implement that way of thinking. The same rules apply to companies. One example for companies would be those managers who think that employees are lazy, lack responsibility, and need constant supervision (or what is called Theory X in management). Then, those managers implement systems that reflect that kind of culture-- no flexible work hours, strict rules about logging work, no remote work, etc. Your thoughts, however, may be different. You might believe that people want responsibility, that they are capable of self-direction, that they can make good decisions, and that managers don't need to stand on their necks if they want something done (this is called Theory Y in management). Then, you would want to have flexible working hours, different ways of measuring your productivity (for example, not time on the job but work produced), and remote work, if possible for your profession. This is when you enter into a conflict with the external collective quadrant. Here, you have four options: leave, persevere, neglect, and voice.
Leave
You can simply leave the company/organization/community/country and go to a different place. Most people decide to do this.
Persevere
This is when you see that the situation isn't good, but you decide to stick at it and wait for the perfect time (or position) where you can implement change.
Neglect
This is where you give up on the change you want to see and just go with the flow, doing the minimal work necessary to keep the status quo. These are the people who are disengaged at work and are doing just the bare minimum necessary (which, in the U.S. is around 65% of the workforce). I did this only once, and it's probably the only thing I regret doing in my life.
Voice
This is where you actively work on changing the situation, and the people in charge know that you want to create a change. It doesn't matter if it's your company, community, or your country; you are actively calling for a change and will not stop until it's implemented.
Putting It All Together
When you take it all into account, change is simple, in theory, but it isn't easy to execute. It takes work in all four quadrants:
- Internal individual -- mindset
- External individual -- behavior
- Internal collective -- culture/support system
- External collective -- laws, rules, regulations, teams, systems, states
Some will require more work, some less, but you will need to create a change in all four of them. But don't let that discourage you because
change is possible, and many people have done this. The best time to start changing was yesterday, but the second best time is today.
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